Free What is the best electrical transmission lines underground or overhead

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Underground Electrics
Electric power lines or conductors move electricity over long distances. Most transmission lines have three conductors. Aboveground conductors are uninsulated bundles of wire separated by about 5 to 24 feet from each other, depending on the line voltage and suspended on poles or towers. Open air circulating between and around the three conductors cools the wires and dissipates the heat that’s generated by transferring electricity.


Evaluation of Underground Electric
While underground distribution lines are fairly common in the United States, the use of underground lines for higher-voltage transmission purposes is infrequent. Underground lines constitute
a small proportion of transmission lines in Virginia and throughout the United States.



DEMAND FOR UNDERGROUND LINES
Electric transmission lines have been around for more than a century, and in North America, they are predominately built over head. There is currently an estimated 200,000 miles of transmission lines in the United States and only 5,000 miles of those lines are under ground.

Over and Under Transmission Lines Cables


Voltage Electric Transmission
 the voltage is reduced by using a number of step-down transformers as for domestic purposes we use the voltage of 220 Volt and 50 Hertz frequency. In the voltage electric transmission for the long distances, the loss of power in the transmission lines is I2R, where I is the electric current that flows through the wires and R is the resistance of the transmission wires.


Overhead vs, Underground
When an electric utility considers whether or not to construct high-voltage underground transmission facilities, it must evaluate the following considerations: Power Outages, Network vs. Radial Installations, Line-Length Challenges, Cable Selection, Construction Impacts, Easement Requirement, Electric and Magnetic Fields,


Should Power Lines be Underground?
Underground has several noteworthy advantages, Underground costs more to
install and maintain, resulting in increased electric rates, Underground lines are not necessarily more reliable than overhead lines.



STUDY ON THE COMPARATIVE
Merist of OVerhead electricity transmission lines versus underground cables. The objective of this study is to provide an independent view on the relative merits of constructing and operating OHL compared to UGC. Technical characteristics, reliability, operation and maintenance factors, environmental impact, possible health issues and costs are regarded.


General Consideration
Undergrounding system can be classified broadly in three major types: Oil filled cable system high and low pressure types, solid dielectric cables, compressed gas SF6 and nitrogen insulated transmission lines